The Abstract movement in the history of art refers to a broad artistic style that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by the prioritization of form, color, line, and texture over representational or realistic depictions. Artists within this movement sought to distill the essence of their subjects, often departing from recognizable forms and instead focusing on conveying emotions, ideas, or concepts through non-representational means.

Abstract art can take various forms, including geometric abstraction, where artists use geometric shapes and lines to create compositions; lyrical abstraction, characterized by fluid, organic forms and expressive brushwork; and abstract expressionism, which emphasizes spontaneity, gesture, and emotional intensity.

Key figures associated with the Abstract movement include Wassily Kandinsky, Piet Mondrian, Kazimir Malevich, Joan Miró, and Jackson Pollock. These artists challenged traditional notions of art and representation, pushing the boundaries of what could be considered art and paving the way for subsequent movements such as Minimalism, Conceptual art, and Contemporary art.

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